THROMBOCYTOPENIA AS A SYMPTOM OF PLASMODIUM  FALCIPARUM
MALARIA ATTACKS IN IMMUNE AND NONIMMUNE CHILDREN

F. Moulin, F. Lesage, A. Legros, E. Marc, P. Georges, P. Guyon, D. Gendrel

FRANCE., Hopital Principal, Dakar, Senegal.

A prospective study was performed to evaluate thrombocytopenia as a symptom or a marker of severity in 2 groups of children hospitalized for an acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria attack., non immune traveler living in Paris and immune living in Dakar

Group 1 : 81 children (mean age 7.8 y) living in Paris and hospitalized after a travel in Africa, with a low to mild severe attack . 50% had <1% parasitised red cells, and 10% had >5%.

Group 2 : 85 children (mean age : 6.5 y) hospitalized in Dakar (cerebral malaria in 25, severe attack in 44). 46% had <1% parasitised red cells and 14% had >5%.

A thrombocytopenia <50,000/mm3 was present in admission in 8.6% of children in Paris and 14.1% in Dakar, all without mucosal bleeding. A platelet count < 150,000 was found in 47% in Paris and 51.8% in Dakar. Platelet counts were independent of age, anemia, convulsions, occurrence of cerebral malaria or recovery (3 deaths in Dakar).14/29 (48.2%) children with cerebral malaria had platelet count <150,000. In Paris, 3 children with very low parasitemia and platelet count < 50,000 and were referred to hospital as idiopathic febrile thrombocytopenia.

Thrombocytopenia appears to be a frequent symptom of Plasmodium falciparum malaria attack in children , either in immune and non immune populations, but is not a marker of severity.