MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF PRIMARY GLAUCOMA SURGERY

Kh.P.Takhchidi, N.V.Strenyov, D.I.Ivanov

IRTC “Eye Microsurgery” Ekaterinburg Center

Ekaterinburg, Russia

Open-angle glaucoma. Non-penetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS) in 11745 eyes; normal IOP: 76.5% in initial glaucoma, 60.4% in advanced and 38.2% in far-advanced. In combination of NPDS and laser goniopuncture efficacy made 90.5% in initial, 85.7% in advanced and 83.9% in far-advanced glaucoma. Complications occurred in 4.9%.

Close-angle glaucoma. A new approach for organic angular block was developed by Prof. K.P. Takhchidi -transciliary draining of posterior chamber (TDPC). The operation is like NPDS up to the moment of circular ligament exposure. Behind the ligament  ciliary body is exposed and a fistula is formed with diode laser irradiation (810 nm). 800 eyes were treated; normal IOP in 71%: 80% in initial glaucoma, 72% in advanced and 68% in far-advanced. Complications: hypotony – 9%, choroidal detachment – 7%, shallow chamber – 2.5%, hyphaema – 3%, malignant glaucoma – 0.05%.

Combined glaucoma.   After argon-laser iridoplasty NPDS is performed. In case of good filtration  the operation is finished like NPDS. If the filtration is poor, the operation is converted into TDPC. 1250 eyes were treated; normal IOP: 73.6% of initial,  74.25% of advanced and 64.3% of far-advanced glaucoma. Complications: shallow chamber – 1.2%, choroidal detachment – 1.4%, hyphaema – 2.6%, hypotony – 2.1%.

Reconstruction of filtering zone.       Ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed different status of outflow pathways in failed glaucoma operations. In 40.9% of eyes there were Tenon’s cysts. Needling restored filtration in 81.5% of cases. In 24.2% there were  intrtascleral cavities. Revision with a spatula-knife was performed; filtration restored in 75%. In 34.9% no outflow pathways were detected, reoperations were performed.