THE DEVELOPING RABIT RETINA IS PROTECTED FROM
GENTAMYCIN TOXICITY

Anat Loewenstein, Esther Zemel, Moshe Lazar, Ido Perlman

Ophthalmology Dept., Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Israel

Purpose: To investigate whether the developing retina is more resistant to toxic insults than adult retina.

Methods: Gentamycin, a highly toxic aminoglycoside antibiotic was injected to the right eyes of newborn rabbits, aged 10-30 days. The left eye of each rabbit was injected with saline and served as control. Electroretinographic studies were performed at 1 and 4 weeks after injection. Retinal function was assessed from the b-wave ratio ]experimental eye/control eye). After 4 weeks the rabbits were sacrificed, the eyes enucleated, and histopathological studies performed.

Results: Mean b-Wave ratio was found to be dependent upon the age of drug injection. It was close to unity when the injection was performed at 11-13  days ]n=4) and gradually decreased in relation to the age of injection. When gentamycin was injected to rabbits close to 30 days old, b-wave ratio was severely reduced as has been previously found in adult rabbits.

Discussion: The developing rabbit retina seems to be more resistant than the adult retina to intravitreal gentamycin. It is suggested that gentamycin major site of action is the photoreceptors. Therefore, in the developing retina during the process of outer segment elongation, the photoreceptors can recover from the insult of one dose of gentamicine.